Most recent 20 articles: MIT - Carbon
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Electrifying cement with nanocarbon black - MIT - Carbon (Apr 20, 2021) |
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Apr 20, 2021 · d="M12.132,61.991a5.519,5.519,0,0,1-5.866,5.753A5.554,5.554,0,0,1,.4,61.854a5.809,5.809,0,0,1,1.816-4.383,6.04,6.04,0,0,1,4.05-1.37C9.9,55.965,12.132,58.43,12.132,61.991Zm-8.939-.137c0,2.328,1.117,3.7,3.073,3.7s3.073-1.37,3.073-3.7-1.117-3.835-3.073-3.835C4.45,58.156,3.193,59.526,3.193,61.854Z" transform="translate(-0.4 -55.965)" fill="#333"/> d="M17.884,67.531l-3.352-5.753-1.257-2.191v7.944H10.9V56.3h2.793l3.212,5.616c.419.822.7,1.37,1.257,2.328V56.3h2.374V67.531Z" transform="translate(3.765 -55.889)" fill="#333"/> ... Read more ...
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Pablo Jarillo-Herrero receives the Lise Meitner Distinguished Lecture and Medal - MIT - Carbon (Nov 06, 2020) |
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Nov 06, 2020 · Pablo Jarillo-Herrero, the Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics, was awarded the Lise Meitner Distinguished Lecture and Medal, for his groundbreaking work on “twistronics,” a technique that adjusts the electronic properties of graphene by rotating adjacent layers of the material.
His breakthrough research in twisted bilayer graphene research discovered unique electrical properties with the potential to create innovative superconducting materials and novel quantum devices for advanced quantum sensing, photonics, and computing applications.
The medal, sponsored by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences through its Nobel Committee for Physics, recognizes the work by ... Read more ...
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Antarctic sea ice may not cap carbon emissions as much as previously thought - MIT - Carbon (Oct 01, 2020) |
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Oct 01, 2020 · The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is a region where many of the world’s carbon-rich deep waters can rise back up to the surface. Scientists have thought that the vast swaths of sea ice around Antarctica can act as a lid for upwelling carbon, preventing the gas from breaking through the ocean’s surface and returning to the atmosphere.
However, researchers at MIT have now identified a counteracting effect that suggests Antarctic sea ice may not be as powerful a control on the global carbon cycle as scientists had suspected.
In a study published in the August issue of the journal Global Biogeochemical Cycles, the team has found that indeed, sea ice in the Southern ... Read more ...
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Peatland drainage in Southeast Asia adds to climate change - MIT - Carbon (Jun 04, 2020) |
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Jun 04, 2020 · Media can only be downloaded from the desktop version of this website.
In less than three decades, most of Southeast Asia’s peatlands have been wholly or partially deforested, drained, and dried out. This has released carbon that accumulated over thousands of years from dead plant matter, and has led to rampant wildfires that spew air pollution and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
The startling prevalence of such rapid destruction of the peatlands, and their resulting subsidence, is revealed in a new satellite-based study conducted by researchers at MIT and in Singapore and Oregon. The research was published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, in a paper by ... Read more ...
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Researchers map tiny twists in "magic-angle" graphene | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (May 07, 2020) |
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May 07, 2020 · Media can only be downloaded from the desktop version of this website.
Made of a single layer of carbon atoms linked in a hexagonal honeycomb pattern, graphene's structure is simple and seemingly delicate. Since its discovery in 2004, scientists have found that graphene is in fact exceptionally strong. And although graphene is not a metal, it conducts electricity at ultrahigh speeds, better than most metals.
In 2018, MIT scientists led by Pablo Jarillo-Herrero and Yuan Cao discovered that when two sheets of graphene are stacked together at a slightly offset "magic" angle, the new "twisted" graphene structure can become either an insulator, completely blocking electricity ... Read more ...
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How growth of the scientific enterprise influenced a century of quantum physics | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 29, 2020) |
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Apr 29, 2020 · Austrian quantum theorist Erwin Schrödinger first used the term "entanglement," in 1935, to describe the mind-bending phenomenon in which the actions of two distant particles are bound up with each other. Entanglement was the kind of thing that could keep Schrödinger awake at night; like his friend Albert Einstein, he thought it cast doubt on quantum mechanics as a viable description of the world. How could it be real?
And yet, evidence keeps accumulating that entanglement exists. Two years ago MIT Professor David Kaiser and an international team used lasers, single-photon detectors, atomic clocks, and huge telescopes collecting light that had been released by distant ... Read more ...
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Understanding how fluids heat or cool surfaces | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 28, 2020) |
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Apr 28, 2020 · Whether it's water flowing across a condenser plate in an industrial plant, or air whooshing through heating and cooling ducts, the flow of fluid across flat surfaces is a phenomenon at the heart of many of the processes of modern life. Yet, aspects of this process have been poorly understood, and some have been taught incorrectly to generations of engineering students, a new analysis shows.
The study examined several decades of published research and analysis on fluid flows. It found that, while most undergraduate textbooks and classroom instruction in heat transfer describe such flow as having two different zones separated by an abrupt transition, in fact there are three ... Read more ...
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Dirty carbon reveals a sophisticated side | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 27, 2020) |
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Apr 27, 2020 · Media can only be downloaded from the desktop version of this website.
Tar, the everyday material that seals seams in our roofs and driveways, has an unexpected and unappreciated complexity, according to an MIT research team: It might someday be useful as a raw material for a variety of high-tech devices including energy storage systems, thermally active coatings, and electronic sensors.
And it's not just tar. Professor Jeffrey Grossman has a very different view of other fossil fuels as well. Rather than using these materials as cheap commodities to burn up, seal cracks with, or dispose of, he sees potential for a wide variety of applications that take advantage of the ... Read more ...
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New model of the GI tract could speed drug development | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 27, 2020) |
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Apr 27, 2020 · MIT engineers have devised a way to speed up the development of new drugs by rapidly testing how well they are absorbed in the small intestine. This approach could also be used to find new ways to improve the absorption of existing drugs so that they can be taken orally.
Developing drugs that can be easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract is a particular challenge for treating neglected tropical diseases, tuberculosis, and malaria, says Giovanni Traverso, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at MIT and a gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
"Many of the drugs that are being developed today for neglected tropical diseases are insoluble and ... Read more ...
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Study analyzes contamination in drug manufacturing plants | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 27, 2020) |
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Apr 27, 2020 · Over the past few decades, there have been a handful of incidents in which manufacturing processes for making protein drugs became contaminated with viruses at manufacturing plants. These were all discovered before the drugs reached patients, but many of the incidents led to costly cleanups and in one instance a drug shortage.
A new study from an MIT-led consortium has analyzed 18 of these incidents, most of which had not been publicly reported until now. The report offers insight into the most common sources of viral contamination and makes several recommendations to help companies avoid such incidents in the future.
While the study focused on biopharmaceuticals ... Read more ...
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Nanosensor can alert a smartphone when plants are stressed | MIT News - MIT - Carbon (Apr 15, 2020) |
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Apr 15, 2020 · MIT engineers have developed a way to closely track how plants respond to stresses such as injury, infection, and light damage, using sensors made of carbon nanotubes. These sensors can be embedded in plant leaves, where they report on hydrogen peroxide signaling waves.
Plants use hydrogen peroxide to communicate within their leaves, sending out a distress signal that stimulates leaf cells to produce compounds that will help them repair damage or fend off predators such as insects. The new sensors can use these hydrogen peroxide signals to distinguish between different types of stress, as well as between different species of plants.
"Plants have a very sophisticated form ... Read more ...
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3 Questions: Joe Steinmeyer on guiding students into the world of STEM - MIT - Carbon (Mar 04, 2020) |
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Mar 04, 2020 · Joe Steinmeyer and SEED Academy students Lea Grohmann (left), Daysia Charles (center), and Yenifer Lemus (right) prepare for their final electronics presentations.
Photo: Gretchen ErtlFull Screen
Joe Steinmeyer is a principal lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) at MIT. His work includes the study of the intersection of biology and neuroscience with EECS, focusing on automation and control; and more recently, research in instrumentation and on novel ways to improve student ... | By Dora P Gonzalez Office of Engineering Outreach Programs Read more ...
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Empowering faculty partnerships across the globe - MIT - Carbon (Mar 03, 2020) |
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Mar 03, 2020 · MISTI Global Seed Funds program has delivered $22 million to faculty since 2008.
MIT faculty share their creative and technical talent on campus as well as across the globe, compounding the Institute's impact through strong international partnerships. Thanks to the MIT Global Seed Funds (GSF) program, managed by the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI), more of these faculty members will be able to build on these relationships to develop ideas and create new projects.
"This project has had important impact on my grad student's education and development. She was able to apply techniques she has learned to a new and challenging system, mentor an ... Read more ...
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Integrating electronics onto physical prototypes - MIT - Carbon (Mar 03, 2020) |
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Mar 03, 2020 · Breadboards are rectangular boards with arrays of pinholes drilled into the surface. Many of the holes have metal connections and contact points between them. Engineers can plug components of electronic systems — from basic circuits to full computer processors — into the pinholes where they want them to connect. Then, they can rapidly test, rearrange, and retest the components as needed.
But breadboards have remained that same shape for decades. For that reason, it's difficult to test how the electronics will look and feel on, say, wearables and various smart devices. Generally, people will first test circuits on traditional breadboards, then slap them onto a product ... Read more ...
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Undergraduate Teaching Lab wins SafetyStratus College and University Health and Safety Award - MIT - Carbon (Mar 03, 2020) |
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Mar 03, 2020 · The Department of Chemistry's Undergraduate Teaching Laboratory has been awarded the 2020 SafetyStratus College and University Health and Safety Award by the American Chemical Society (ACS). ACS gives this award in recognition of the most comprehensive chemical safety programs in higher undergraduate education.
The process of submitting the Undergraduate Teaching Laboratory for this illustrious prize was initiated by Whitney Hess, manager of safety systems and programs at MIT.Nano, who worked diligently with laboratory Director John Dolhun to complete the comprehensive application required for the award.
Winners of the SafetyStratus College and University Health and ... Read more ...
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Answering "Why?" - MIT - Carbon (Mar 02, 2020) |
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Mar 02, 2020 · MLK Visiting Scholar Benjamin McDonald uses synthetic organic chemistry in the Swager lab to answer questions with more questions.
Everyone knows a kid who constantly asks, "Why?" "Why is the sky blue?" "Why do people have teeth?" "Why are hurricanes given names?" According to Benjamin McDonald, he was that kid. "I kept asking 'Why?' to the point of exasperation on the part of my parents," he says. Because McDonald always wanted to get to the root of things, each answer was met with another "why" question. "I saw science as a clear mechanism for trying to answer some of those questions," he explains.
Currently, McDonald is a postdoc and the self-described "regular old ... | By Fernanda Ferreira School of Science Read more ...
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Leigh Estabrooks wins Society of Women Engineers WE Local Engaged Advocate Award - MIT - Carbon (Mar 02, 2020) |
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Mar 02, 2020 · Leigh Estabrooks, the invention education officer at the Lemelson-MIT Program, was recently awarded the Society of Women Engineers (SWE) 2020 WE Local Engaged Advocate Award in her home state of North Carolina. Estabrooks received the award for her contributions to the advancement of women in engineering. She has engaged young women in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) through inventing over the past 15 years at the Lemelson-MIT Program, part of MIT's School of Engineering.
"I invent inventors," says Estabrooks when asked about her role as the invention education officer. "I try to help students understand that 'inventor' isn't an elite status, ... | By Carolyn Blais Lemelson-MIT Program Read more ...
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The catch to putting warning labels on fake news - MIT - Carbon (Mar 02, 2020) |
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Mar 02, 2020 · After the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Facebook began putting warning tags on news stories fact-checkers judged to be false. But there's a catch: Tagging some stories as false makes readers more willing to believe other stories and share them with friends, even if those additional, untagged stories also turn out to be false.
That is the main finding of a new study co-authored by an MIT professor, based on multiple experiments with news consumers. The researchers call this unintended consequence — in which the selective labeling of false news makes other news stories seem more legitimate — the "implied-truth effect" in news consumption.
"Putting a warning on some ... | By Peter Dizikes MIT News Office Read more ...
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The neural basis of sensory hypersensitivity - MIT - Carbon (Mar 02, 2020) |
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Mar 02, 2020 · Many people with autism spectrum disorders are highly sensitive to light, noise, and other sensory input. A new study in mice reveals a neural circuit that appears to underlie this hypersensitivity, offering a possible strategy for developing new treatments.
Too much excitation
The Shank3 protein is important for the function of synapses — connections that allow neurons to communicate with each other. Feng has previously shown that mice lacking the Shank3 gene display many traits associated with autism, including avoidance of social interaction, and compulsive, repetitive behavior.
In the new study, Feng and his colleagues set out to study whether these mice also ... | By Anne Trafton MIT News Office Read more ...
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Demystifying the world of deep networks - MIT - Carbon (Feb 28, 2020) |
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Feb 28, 2020 · Introductory statistics courses teach us that, when fitting a model to some data, we should have more data than free parameters to avoid the danger of overfitting — fitting noisy data too closely, and thereby failing to fit new data. It is surprising, then, that in modern deep learning the practice is to have orders of magnitude more parameters than data. Despite this, deep networks show good predictive performance, and in fact do better the more parameters they have. Why would that be?
It has been known for some time that good performance in machine learning comes from controlling the complexity of networks, which is not just a simple function of the number of free ... | By Kris Brewer Center for Brains, Minds and Machines Read more ...
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