Climate Facts

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Global upper 2000 m ocean heat content from 1958 through 2020

Fig. 1. (Upper) Global upper 2000 m OHC from 1958 through 2020. The histogram presents annual anomalies relative to a 1981-2010 baseline, with positive anomalies shown as red bars and negative anomalies as blue.
Ocean heat budget from 1960 to 2020

Fig. 2. Ocean heat budget from 1960 to 2020 based on IAP analysis data from 0 to 2000 m, and from Purkey and Johnson (2010) for deep ocean change below 2000 m (units: ZJ). Figure updated from Cheng et al. (2017). The anomalies are relative to 1958-62 baseline, and the time series are smoothed by LOWESS (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing) with span width of 24 months. The gray dashed lines are the 95% confidence interval of the total ocean heat budget.
Regional observed upper 2000 m ocean heat content change from 1955 through 2020

Fig. 4. Regional observed upper 2000 m OHC change from 1955 through 2020 relative to 1981-2010 baseline. The time series (black) are smoothed by LOWESS (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing) with span width of 24 months. The blue shadings are the 95% confidence interval. [Data updated from Cheng et al. (2017)].